合肥地区风廓线雷达资料评估初探

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-6141.2023.06.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 风廓线雷达作为一种新型测风雷达，能够连续提供大气水平风场、垂直气流、大气折射率结构常数等气象要素随高度的分布，具有时空分辨率高、连续性好和实时性好等特点，是进行高空气象探测的重要设备。而雷达数据的质量是决定资料是否能够投入业务使用的基本前提。通过欧洲中期天气预报中心 (ECWMF) 第五代再分析资料 (ERA5) 与气球探空资料比对，验证了ERA5 再分析资料在安徽区域的适用性，并利用其对没有气球探空资料的合肥和巢湖两地的风廓线雷达资料进行了评估。结果表明： (1) ERA5 再分析资料与气球探空资料显著相关，多项指标均表明ERA5 再分析资料可以作为评估基准，利用其对无气球探空资料区域的风廓线雷达进行评估具有可行性； (2) 大气湍流强度对风廓线雷达最大探测高度影响明显，依季节划分最大探测高度分别为春季2.7 km、夏季4.5 km、秋季3.6 km、冬季2 km； (3) 经评估，合肥地区风廓线雷达资料在数据相关性、偏差、均方根误差等方面u分量数据质量好于v 分量。依季节划分，数据质量由高到低排序依次是冬、夏、春、秋。其中，春、夏、冬数据质量较好，可以同化入数值预报模式，而秋季v 分量数据需要进行偏差订正以及质量控制后再使用。

关键词: 风廓线雷达, ERA5 再分析资料, 探空资料, 评估方法

Abstract: As a new type of wind measurement radar, wind profile radar can continuously provide the distribution of meteorological elements such as horizontal wind field, vertical airflow, and atmospheric refractive index structure constant with altitude. Moreover, it has the characteristics of high spatiotemporal resolution, good continuity, and real-time performance, making it an important equipment for high-altitude meteorological detection. The quality of radar data is a fundamental prerequisite for the operational use of the data. This article compares the fifth generation reanalysis data (ERA5) of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECWMF) with balloon sounding data to verify the applicability of ERA5 reanalysis data in the Anhui region, and then uses it to evaluate the wind profile radar data of Hefei and Chaohu, China, where no balloon sounding data is available. The results show that: (1) ERA5 reanalysis data is significantly correlated with balloon sounding data, and multiple indicators indicate that ERA5 reanalysis data can be used as an evaluation benchmark, and is feasible for evaluating wind profile radar data in areas without balloon sounding data. (2) The intensity of atmospheric turbulence has a significant impact on the maximum detection height of wind profile radar. According to seasons, the maximum detection heights are 2.7 km in spring, 4.5 km in summer, 3.6 km in autumn, and 2 km in winter. (3) The quality of the u component wind profile radar data in Hefei area is better than that of the v component in terms of data correlation, average deviation and root mean square error. Seasonally, the data quality is ranked as winter, summer, spring, and autumn in descending order. Among them, the data of spring, summer and winter are of good quality and can be assimilated into the numerical forecast model, while the autumn v component data needs to undergo deviation correction and quality control before application.

Key words: wind profile radar, ERA5 reanalysis data, sounding data, evaluation method

中图分类号:

祝颂, 邓学良, 沈薇薇, 吴月, 金晓龙. 合肥地区风廓线雷达资料评估初探[J]. 大气与环境光学学报, 2023, 18(6): 516-531.

ZHU Song , DENG Xueliang , SHEN Weiwei , WU Yue , JIN Xiaolong. Preliminary research on evaluation of wind profile radar data in Hefei area[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics, 2023, 18(6): 516-531.

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