京津冀地区一次PM2.5与臭氧协同污染过程分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-6141.2024.03.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 2018 年4 月16—22 日我国京津冀地区发生了一次PM2.5与臭氧 (O3) 协同污染过程，为深入认识两者协同污染发生的成因及过程，利用多源数据，综合分析了本次协同污染过程的气象要素、地面形势、垂直特征等，并按两种污染物的小时质量浓度变化将污染过程分为增长、高位、下降三个过程。结果表明： (1) 本次污染过程中气温、气压、相对湿度与污染物质量浓度变化有较好对应关系，不同过程转换时风速变化明显， O3污染在每天16：00 出现最多。(2) 蒙古低压靠近京津冀且京津冀处于高压外围时的静态天气下污染物易积累传输，冷锋过境后污染物质量浓度快速下降，东北高压控制下空气质量较高。(3) 19 日凌晨气溶胶垂直分布主要包括混合型、沙尘型气溶胶，污染物主要来自京津冀南部、西南部； 19 日中午气溶胶垂直分布主要包括混合型、污染型、沙尘型气溶胶，污染物主要来自京津冀北部。高空传输易带来沙尘型气溶胶，地面污染严重时地面气团传输以外来水平传输为主。(4) PM2.5小时平均质量浓度与气温呈极显著正相关，与相对湿度呈显著正相关，与气压及风速呈极显著负相关； O3小时平均质量浓度与气温、风速呈极显著正相关，与气压、相对湿度呈极显著负相关；两种污染物间呈显著正相关，两种污染物的小时质量浓度高值大多出现在风向为135°到225°的东南至西南风范围内。

关键词: PM2.5, 臭氧, 协同污染, 京津冀

Abstract: A synergistic pollution process of PM2.5 and ozone (O3) occurred in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, China, from April 16 to 22, 2018. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the occurrence and the causes of the synergetic pollution, multi-source data were used to comprehensively analyze the meteorological elements, ground conditions and vertical characteristics of this synergistic process, and according to the hourly mass concentration changes of the two pollutants, the pollution process was divided into three processes: growth, high level, and decline. The results show that: (1) There is a good corresponding relationship between the air temperature, air pressure, relative humidity and pollutant mass concentration change during the pollution process, the wind speed changes significantly during the conversion of different processes, and O3 pollution occurs most at 16:00 every day. (2) When the Mongolian low pressure is near the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region is on the periphery of the high pressure, pollutants are easy to accumulate and transmit in the static weather. After the transit of the cold front, the mass concentration of pollutants drops rapidly, and the air quality is higher under the control of northeast high pressure. (3) The vertical distribution of aerosols in the early morning of April 19 mainly included mixed and sand dust aerosols, with pollutants mainly coming from the south and southwest of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, while at noon of April 19, the vertical distribution of aerosols mainly included mixed type, pollution type and sand dust type aerosols, with pollutants mainly coming from the north of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region. High altitude transmission is easy to bring sand dust aerosols, and when the ground pollution is serious, the surface air mass transmission is mainly external horizontal transmission. (4) The hourly average mass concentration of PM2.5 is extremely significantly positively correlated with air temperature, significantly positively correlated with relative humidity, while extremely significantly negatively correlated with air pressure and wind speed. The hourly average mass concentration of ozone shows an extremely significant positive correlation with air temperature and wind speed, and an extremely significant negative correlation with air pressure and relative humidity. There is a significant positive correlation between PM2.5 and O3, and the high hourly mass mass concentrations of the two pollutants mostly occur in the southeast to southwest wind range with the wind directions from 135° to 225°.

Key words: PM2.5, ozone, synergetic pollution, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

中图分类号:

方文圣, 曹念文, 施欣池. 京津冀地区一次PM2.5与臭氧协同污染过程分析[J]. 大气与环境光学学报, 2024, 19(3): 342-356.

FANG Wensheng , CAO Nianwen , SHI Xinchi. Analysis of a synergistic pollution process of PM2.5 and ozone in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics, 2024, 19(3): 342-356.

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