热力非均匀下垫面对流边界层流场结构特征研究

大气与环境光学学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (6): 421-431.

热力非均匀下垫面对流边界层流场结构特征研究

袁仁民1, 罗涛1, 吴徐平1, 卢超1, 刘辉志2

( 1 中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院, 安徽合肥 230026; 2 中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层和大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029 )

收稿日期:2009-04-22 修回日期:2009-04-24 出版日期:2009-11-28 发布日期:2009-11-17
通讯作者: 袁仁民 (1968-)，男，博士，副教授，1968年生，从事大气边界层物理，大气光学和大气探测方面的研究。 E-mail:rmyuan@ustc.edu.cn
作者简介:袁仁民 (1968-)，男，博士，副教授，1968年生，从事大气边界层物理，大气光学和大气探测方面的研究。
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新工程领域前沿项目（IAP09309）、国家自然科学基金项目（40575005）资助

Study on Flow Properties of Convective Boundary Layer over Thermally Inhomogeneous Surface

YUAN Ren-min1, WU Xu-ping1, LU Chao1, LIU Hui-zhi2

( 1 School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China)

Received:2009-04-22 Revised:2009-04-24 Published:2009-11-28 Online:2009-11-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用对流水槽成功模拟热力非均匀下垫面对流边界层的发生发展。仿照数值模拟中常用的马赛克方法在对流水槽的底部铺了一些导热率缓慢的材料（橡胶薄板），使下垫面的加热存在差异，进而产生非均匀加热。利用温度廓线和准直光系统共同决定边界层顶部的位置和对流速度尺度。采用PTV测量技术获得高精度的二维流场，看到流场具有复杂的空间结构和尺度特征。相对于均匀下垫面来说，底部的非均匀加热使得混合层湍流的组织性得到加强，具有稳定的环流结构。非均匀下垫面对流边界层的方差随高度的变化曲线与均匀下垫面的特征具有明显的不同。为了分析了非均匀下垫面对流边界层的环流特征和水平输送对湍流变化的贡献，计算了湍流动能的湍流输送。计算结果表明，加热开始不久，由于不同下垫面的的温差较大，水平输送也较大；而当一段时间后，温差变小，从而使得水平的输送也变小了。由此可以看出非均匀下垫面对流边界层的水平输送依赖于下垫面的非均匀强度。

关键词: 对流边界层, 热力非均匀, 水槽模拟, 水平输送

Abstract:

The simulation of convective boundary layer (CBL) over thermally inhomogeneous surface is made using water tank for study on flow properties. By imitating the mosaic method in the numerical simulation, the low thermal conductivity materials are placed on the bottom of the water tank so that heating from the bottom is inhomogeneous. The CBL height and velocity scales are obtained by temperature profiles and collimated-laser system. PTV technique is used for retrieval of two dimensional flow fields. The flow fields have complex structure and scales. Compared with the homogeneous surface, the surface inhomogeneous heating makes the mixed layer strengthen turbulence organization and have stable local circulations. The variations of statistics of velocities with height are different from the homogeneous situation. In order to analyze the contribution of thermal inhomogeneity to the horizontal advection, the turbulent advections for turbulent kinetic energy are calculated. Results show that at the beginning and developing period the horizontal advection is large due to the large heating difference and the horizontal advection becomes weak at the end of development of CBL due to the little heating difference. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the horizontal advection depends on the thermally inhomogeneous intensity.

Key words: convective boundary layer, thermal inhomogeneity, water tank, horizontal advection

中图分类号:

P264

袁仁民罗涛吴徐平卢超刘辉志. 热力非均匀下垫面对流边界层流场结构特征研究[J]. 大气与环境光学学报, 2009, 4(6): 421-431.

YUAN Ren-Min, LUO Chao, WU Xu-Ping, LU Chao, LIU Hui-Zhi. Study on Flow Properties of Convective Boundary Layer over Thermally Inhomogeneous Surface[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics, 2009, 4(6): 421-431.

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