北京市交通环境大气氨污染水平分析

大气与环境光学学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (3): 193-207.

北京市交通环境大气氨污染水平分析

程刚1,2, 段俊3, 李金香1,2*, 秦敏3, 王欣1,2, 李云婷1,2, 张大伟1，2

( 1 北京市环境保护监测中心, 北京 100048;
2 大气颗粒物监测技术北京市重点实验室, 北京 100048;
3 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所, 合肥 230031)

出版日期:2018-05-28 发布日期:2018-05-31
作者简介:程刚 (1987-)，男, 汉族，浙江衢州人，工程师，硕士研究生，主要从事大气污染物排放清单方面的研究。
基金资助:
Supported by the Study on the Characteristics of Ammonia Emission and Control Counter measures in Beijing- Science and technology project of Beijing (北京市科技计划课题, Z131100001113029)

Analysis of Atmosoheric Ammonia Pollution Level in Beijing Traffic Environment

CHENG Gang1,2, DUAN Jun3, LI Jinxiang1,2*, QIN Min3, WANG Xin1,2, LI Yunting1,2, ZHANG Dawei1，2

(1 Beijing Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing 100048;
2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Airborne Particulate Matter Monitoring Technology, Beijing 100048;
3 Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics，Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031)

Published:2018-05-28 Online:2018-05-31
About author:程刚 (1987-)，男, 汉族，浙江衢州人，工程师，硕士研究生，主要从事大气污染物排放清单方面的研究。
Supported by:
Supported by the Study on the Characteristics of Ammonia Emission and Control Counter measures in Beijing- Science and technology project of Beijing (北京市科技计划课题, Z131100001113029)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

机动车作为大气PM2.5的重要污染源，其运行产生的氨气(NH3)能与大气中的酸性气体相结合，形成二次污染物。为掌握北京市交通环境中氨的排放情况，探索影响交通环境氨浓度的因素及关系，利用DOAS仪器对交通环境（北航东门天桥下）和城市环境（北京市环境保护监测中心楼顶）NH3的浓度进行持续7个月的观测。结果显示污染物的排放量总体呈现夏季低，春秋季高的特点，交通环境中氨的日平均浓度水平（25.19µg /m3）高于城市环境（15.90µg /m3）。全天浓度变化趋势稳定，均有明显的高峰低谷变化，表明交通污染源对大气氨的贡献较为稳定。从相关性分析可以看出，NH3与PM2.5、NO2、NOx、CO相关性较高，与NO相关性较弱。分析得出3级以上的风有利于氨浓度的快速扩散和降低。对学院路全年各类型机动车排放量和逐小时的排放量进行计算，得到氨排放量主要来自小型客车（汽油）和出租车（汽油）（占97.9%）。

关键词: DOAS, 氨, 交通环境, 相关性分析

Abstract:

Ammonia (NH3) generated from vehicles which is an important source of atmospheric PM2.5 that can react with the acidic gases in the atmosphere to produce ammoniums salt. To understand the emission of atmospheric NH3 in the traffic environment of Beijing City, and find the factors which affect the NH3 concentration of traffic environment and relationship between them, NH3 concentration at two observation sites was collected during a seven-month observatory experiment using DOAS instrument. One observation site was located in a typical traffic environment close to the eastern gate of Beihang University (BH), the other one was on the top of the seven-floor building in a typical down town environment (BMEMC). The analytical result showed that the emission of pollutants is generally low in summer and high in spring and autumn and the 24 h NH3 concentration at the BH site (25.19 µg /m3) was higher than that at the BMEMC site (15.90 µg /m3). The change trend of concentration in whole day is stable, and there are obvious peaks and troughs, which indicates that the contribution of traffic pollution sources to NH3 is stable. The correlation analysis indicated that NH3 concentration was well correlated with the concentrations of PM2.5, NO2, NOx and CO, but only weakly correlated with the concentrations of NO. It is concluded that the wind above 3 is beneficial to the rapid diffusion and reduction of ammonia concentration. After calculating the yearly emissions and hourly emissions of all types of motor vehicles in Xueyuan Road, the result shows that NH3 mainly comes from small passenger cars (gasoline) and taxis (gasoline) (97.9%).

Key words: differential optical absorption spectroscope, ammonia, traffic environment, correlative analysis

中图分类号:

X511

程刚段俊李金香秦敏王欣李云婷. 北京市交通环境大气氨污染水平分析[J]. 大气与环境光学学报, 2018, 13(3): 193-207.

CHENG Gang, DUAN Jun, LI Jin-Xiang, QIN Min, WANG Xin, LI Yun-Ting. Analysis of Atmosoheric Ammonia Pollution Level in Beijing Traffic Environment[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics, 2018, 13(3): 193-207.

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