Measurements of Solar UV Radiation in Lhasa, Tibet

Abstract

Abstract:

The solar UV radiation and its influence factors (cloud, ozone, etc.) in Lhasa, Tibet, China were observed during the period of January 2015 ~ December 2016 by using the NILU-UV Irradiance Meters. The results show that the daily mean UV dose during the period was 1.24 MJ?m-2?d-1, in which maximum value in summer (from June to August) was 1.57 MJ?m-2?d-1, minimum value in winter (from December to Feburary) was 0.87 MJ?m-2?d-1. The average local noon-hour (05:25~06:25 UTC) UV index (UVI) was 8.34 during the period, in which the average value in summer was 11.53, and 5.02 for the winter. UVI maximum value (20.78) and daily UV dose maximum value (2.58 MJ?m-2) both arose in August, 2016. There was a phenomenon that the UV radiation was strengthened in summer as the cloud exchanged richly. The total ozone column (TOC) almost had no change during measurement, and the average local noon-hour TOC value was 264.2 DU.

Key words: solar UV radiation, Lhasa, UV index, ozone

CLC Number:

P422.62

ZHAO Di, NORSANG Gelsor, TSOJA Wangmu, JIN Yaming, DUAN Jie, ZHOU Yi. Measurements of Solar UV Radiation in Lhasa, Tibet[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics, 2018, 13(2): 81-87.

References

[1] Diffey B L. Solar ultraviolet radiation effects on biological systems [J]. Phys. Med. Biol., 1991, 36(3): 299-328.
[2] Narayanan D L, Saladi R N, Fox J L. Ultraviolet radiation and skin cancer [J]. Int. J. Dermatol., 2010, 49(9): 978-986.
[3] Lucas R M, Ponsonby A L. Ultraviolet radiation and health: friend and foe [J]. Med. J. Australia, 2002, 177(11): 594-598.
[4] Paul N D, Moore J P, McPherson M, et al. Ecological responses to UV radiation: interactions between the biological effects of UV on plants and on associated organisms [J]. Physiol. Plantarum, 2012, 145(4): 565–581.
[5] Ren P B C, Sigernes F, Gjessing Y. Ground-based measurements of solar ultraviolet radiation in Tibet: Preliminary results [J]. Geophys. Res. Lett., 1997, 24(11): 1359-1362.
[6] Norsang G, Kocbach L, Stamnes J, et al. Spatial distribution and temporal variation of solar UV radiation over the Tibetan Plateau [J]. Appl. Phys. Res., 2011, 3(1): 37-46.
[7] Dahlback A, Norsang G, Stamnes J, et al. UV measurements in the 3000–5000 m altitude region in Tibet [J]. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 2007, 112: D09308.
[8] Høiskar B A, Haugen R, Danielsen T, et al. Multichannel moderate-bandwidth filter instrument for measurement of the ozone-column amount, cloud transmittance, and ultraviolet dose rates [J]. Appl. Opt., 2003, 42(18): 3472-3479.
[9] Dahlback A. Measurements of biologically effective UV doses, total ozone abundances, and cloud effects with multichannel, moderate bandwidth filter instruments [J]. Appl. Opt., 1996, 35(33): 6514-6521.
[10] McKinlay A F, Diffey B L. A reference action spectrum for ultraviolet induced erythema in human skin [J]. Comput. Ind. Eng. 1987, 6: 17-22.
[11] World Meteorological Organization. Report of the WMO meeting of experts on UV-B measurements, data, quality and standardization of UV indices [R]. Geneva, WMO, 1994.
[12] World Health Organization. Global solar UV index: A practical guide [R]. Geneva, WHO, 2002.
[13] Stamnes K, Jin Z, Slusser J, et al. Several-fold enhancement of biologically effective ultraviolet radiation levels at McMurdo Station Antarctica during the 1990 ozone “hole” [J]. Geophys. Res. Lett., 1992, 19(10): 1013-1016.
[14] Kylling A, Dahlback A, Mayer B. The effect of clouds and surface albedo on UV irradiances at a high latitude site [J]. Geophys. Res. Lett., 2000, 27(9): 1411-1414.
[15] Calbó J, Pagès D, González J A. Empirical studies of cloud effects on UV radiation: A review [J]. Rev. Geophys., 2005, 43(2): RG2002.
[16] Dahlback A, Stamnes K. A new spherical model for computing the radiation field available for photolysis and heating at twilight [J]. Planet. Space Sci., 1991, 39(5): 671-683.
[17] Stamnes K, Tsay S C, Wiscombe W, et al. Numerically stable algorithm for discrete-ordinate-method radiative transfer in multiple scattering and emitting layered media [J]. Appl. Opt., 1988, 27(12): 2502-2509.
[18] Stamnes K, Slusser J, Bowen M. Derivation of total ozone abundance and cloud effects from spectral irradiance measurements [J]. Appl. Opt., 1991, 30(30): 4418-4426.
[19] Lu Longhua, Zhou Guoxian, Zhang Zhengqiu. Direct and global solar radiations in the region of Mt. Qomolangma during the summer 1992 [J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 1995, 16(3): 229-233(in Chinese).
陆龙骅, 周国贤, 张正秋. 1992年夏季珠穆朗玛峰地区的太阳直接辐射和总辐射 [J]. 太阳能学报, 1995, 16(3): 229-233.
[20] Wang Leidi, Lü Daren, Zhang Wenxing. Study on characteristic of solar radiation at Nam Co and Yangbajain in Qinghai-Xizang plateau [J]. Plateau Meteorology, 32(2): 315-326(in Chinese).
王蕾迪, 吕达仁, 章文星. 西藏羊八井和纳木错太阳辐射特征分析 [J]. 高原气象, 2013, 32(2): 315-326.
[21] Chen Shu, Zheng Xiangdong, Lin Weili, et al. Observation study on the ground-based UVI at Dangxiong of Tibet [J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 2015, 26(4):482-491(in Chinese). 陈树, 郑向东, 林伟立, 等. 西藏当雄地基紫外线指数观测研究 [J]. 应用气象学报, 2015, 26(4): 482-491.
[22] Piacentini R D, Salum G M, Fraidenraich N, et al. Extreme total solar irradiance due to cloud enhancement at sea level of the NE Atlantic coast of Brazil [J]. Renew. Energ., 2011, 36(1): 409-412.