Measurement Technologies of Nanoparticle Chemical
Composition and Their Application

	#br#

Abstract

Abstract: As an important part of atmospheric particulate matter, nanoparticles have a significant impact on human health, atmospheric environment, as well as climate. The physical and chemical properties of nanoparticles, especially the chemical compositions, play an important role in these effects. This review surveys the various analytical techniques at home and abroad used to measure airborne nanoparticles. For each technique, its operation principle and typical instrument configuration are summarized, and representative examples reported in previous work are also introduced to illustrate its advantages and disadvantages. In addition, the future directions of instrumental development and application are outlined and discussed.

Key words: nanoparticle, measurement method, chemical composition, field campaign, laboratory experiment

CLC Number:

O648.18

Chen Yan, Wang Weigang, ∗, Liu Mingyuan, Ge Maofa, . Measurement Technologies of Nanoparticle Chemical Composition and Their Application #br# [J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics, 2020, 15(6): 402-412.

References 14

[1]	Heal M R, Kumar P, Harrison R M. Particles, air quality, policy and health [J]. Chemical Society Reviews, 2012, 41(19):
66	06-6630.
[2]	Hu D W, Chen J M, Ye X N, et al. Hygroscopicity and evaporation of ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate: Relative
	humidity and size effects on the growth factor [J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2011, 45(14): 2349-2355.
[3]	Warheit D B, Sayes C M, Reed K L, et al. Health effects related to nanoparticle exposures: Environmental, health and safety
	considerations for assessing hazards and risks [J]. Pharmacology & therapeutics, 2008, 120(1): 35-42.
[4]	Kerminen V M, Chen X M, Vakkari Ville, et al. Atmospheric new particle formation and growth: Review of field observations
[J]	Environmental Research Letters, 2018, 13(10): 103003.
[5]	Kumar P, Pirjola L, Ketzel M, et al. Nanoparticle emissions from 11 non-vehicle exhaust sources-A review [J]. Atmospheric
	Environment, 2013, 67: 252-277.
[6]	Liu P, Ziemann P J, Kittelson D B, et al. Generating particle beams of controlled dimensions and divergence: I. theory of
	particle motion in aerodynamic lenses and nozzle expansions [J]. Aerosol Science and Technology, 1995, 22(3): 293-313.
[7]	Liu P, Ziemann P J, Kittelson D B, et al. Generating particle beams of controlled dimensions and divergence: II. experimental
	evaluation of particle motion in aerodynamic lenses and nozzle expansions [J]. Aerosol Science and Technology, 1995, 22(3):
31	4-324.
[8]	Wang X L, Kruis F E, Mcmurry P H. Aerodynamic focusing of nanoparticles: I. guidelines for designing aerodynamic lenses
	for nanoparticles [J]. Aerosol Science and Technology, 2005, 39(7): 611-623.
[9]	Wang X L, Gidwani A, Girshick S L, et al. Aerodynamic focusing of nanoparticles: II. numerical simulation of particle motion
	through aerodynamic lenses [J]. Aerosol Science and Technology, 2005, 39(7): 624-636.
[10]	Lee K S, Kim S, Lee D. Aerodynamic focusing of 5-50nm nanoparticles in air [J]. Journal of Aerosol Science, 2009, 40(12):
10	10-1018.
[11]	Jayne J T, Leard D C, Zhang X F, et al. Development of an aerosol mass spectrometer for size and composition analysis of
	submicron particles [J]. Aerosol Science & Technology, 2000, 33(1): 49-70.
[12]	Decarlo P F, Kimmel J R, Trimborn A, et al. Field-deployable, high-resolution, time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer [J].
	Analytical Chemistry, 2006, 78(24): 8281-8289.
[13]	Kenseth C M, Petrucci G A. Characterization of a bipolar near-infrared laser desorption/ionization aerosol mass spectrometer
[J]	Aerosol Science and Technology, 2016, 50(8): 790-801.
[14]	Li Y J, Sun Y L, Zhang Q, et al. Real-time chemical characterization of atmospheric particulate matter in China: A review [J].
	Atmospheric Environment, 2017, 158: 270-304.
[15]	Zelenyuk A, Imre D, Wilson J, et al. Airborne single particle mass spectrometers (SPLAT II & miniSPLAT) and new software
	for data visualization and analysis in a geo-spatial context [J]. Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 2015,
26	(2): 257-270.
[16]	Zelenyuk A, Yang J, Imre D. Comparison between mass spectra of individual organic particles generated by UV laser ablation
	and in the IR/UV two-step mode [J]. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 2009, 282(1-2): 6-12.
[17]	Zelenyuk A, Yang J, Imre D, et al. Achieving size independent hit-rate in single particle mass spectrometry [J]. Aerosol Science
	and Technology, 2009, 43(4): 305-310.
[18]	Zauscher M D, Moore M J, Lewis G S, et al. Approach for measuring the chemistry of individual particles in the size range
	critical for cloud formation [J]. Analytical Chemistry, 2011, 83(6): 2271-2278.
[19]	Voisin D, Smith J N, Sakurai H, et al. Thermal desorption chemical ionization mass spectrometer for ultrafine particle chemical
	composition [J]. Aerosol Science and Technology, 2003, 37(6): 471-475.
[20]	Zhang R Y, Wang L, Khalizov A F, et al. Formation of nanoparticles of blue haze enhanced by anthropogenic pollution [J].
	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(42): 17650.
[21]	Chen X T, Jiang J K, Chen D R. A soft X-ray unipolar charger for ultrafine particles [J]. Journal of Aerosol Science, 2019, 133:
66	-71.
[22]	Kreisberg N M, Spielman S R, Eiguren-Fernandez A, et al. Water condensation-based nanoparticle charging system: Physical
	and chemical characterization [J]. Aerosol Science and Technology, 2018, 52(10): 1167-1177.
[23]	Yuan B., Koss A R, Warneke C, et al. Proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry: Applications in atmospheric sciences [J].
	Chemical Reviews, 2017, 117(21): 13187-13229.
[24]	Zhao R. The recent development and application of chemical ionization mass spectrometry in atmospheric chemistry [J]. In
	Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry, 2018, 1-33.
[25]	Wang S Y, Zordan C A, Johnston M V. Chemical characterization of individual, airborne sub-10-nm particles and molecules
[J]	Analytical Chemistry, 2006, 78(6): 1750-1754.
[26]	Wang S Y, Johnston M V. Airborne nanoparticle characterization with a digital ion trap-reflectron time of flight mass spectrometer [J]. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 2006, 258(1-3): 50-57.
[27]	Horan A J, Krasnomowitz J M, Johnston M V. Particle size and chemical composition effects on elemental analysis with the
	nano aerosol mass spectrometer [J]. Aerosol Science and Technology, 2017, 51(10): 1135-1143.
[28]	Johnston M V, Wang S Y, Reinard M S. Nanoparticle mass spectrometry: Pushing the limit of single particle analysis [J].
	Applied spectroscopy, 2006, 60(10): 264A-272A.
[29]	Laitinen T, Hartonen K, Kuimaia M, et al. Aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer for measuring ultrafine aerosol particles
[J]	Boreal Environment Research, 2009, 14(4): 539-549.
[30]	Gonser S, Held A. A chemical analyzer for charged ultrafine particles [J]. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 2013, 6(9):
	2339.
[31]	He S, Li L, Duan H, et al. Aerosol analysis via electrostatic precipitation-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry [J].
	Analytical Chemistry, 2015, 87(13): 6752-6760.
[32]	Wagner A C, Bergen A, Brilke S, et al. Size-resolved online chemical analysis of nanoaerosol particles: A thermal desorption
	differential mobility analyzer coupled to a chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer [J]. Atmospheric Measurement
	Techniques, 2018, 11(10): 5489-5506.
[33]	Chen H, Venter A, Cooks R G. Extractive electrospray ionization for direct analysis of undiluted urine, milk and other complex
	mixtures without sample preparation [J]. Chemical Communications, 2006, 19: 2042-2044.
[34]	Gallimore P J, Kalberer M. Characterizing an extractive electrospray ionization (EESI) source for the online mass spectrometry
	analysis of organic aerosols [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2013, 47(13): 7324-7331.
[35]	Lopez-Hilfiker F D, Pospisilova V, Huang W, et al. An extractive electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer
	(EESI-TOF) for online measurement of atmospheric aerosol particles [J]. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 2019, 12(9):
48	67-4886.
[36]	Horan A J, Apsokardu M J, Johnston M V. Droplet assisted inlet ionization for online analysis of airborne nanoparticles [J].
	Analytical Chemistry, 2017, 89(2): 1059-1062.
[37]	Zhao J, Eisele F L, Titcombe M, et al. Chemical ionization mass spectrometric measurements of atmospheric neutral clusters
	using the cluster-CIMS [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2010, 115: D08205.
[38]	Jiang J K, Zhao J, Chen M D, et al. First measurements of neutral atmospheric cluster and 1-2 nm particle number size
	distributions during nucleation events [J]. Aerosol Science and Technology, 2011, 45(4): ii-v.
[39]	Lei T, Ma N, Hong J, et al. Nano-hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer (nano-HTDMA) for investigating
	hygroscopic properties of sub-10 nm aerosol nanoparticles [J]. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 2020, 2020: 1-48.
[40]	Wang Z, Su H, Wang X, et al. Scanning supersaturation condensation particle counter applied as a nano-CCN counter for sizeresolved analysis of the hygroscopicity and chemical composition of nanoparticles [J]. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques,
20	15, 8(5): 2161-2172.
[41]	Li W J, Xu L, Liu X H, et al. Air pollution-aerosol interactions produce more bioavailable iron for ocean ecosystems [J].
	Science Advances, 2017, 3(3): e1601749.
[42]	Makel ¨ a J M, Ho ¨ ffmann T, Holzke C, et al. Biogenic iodine emissions and identification of end-products in coastal ultrafine
	particles during nucleation bursts [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2002, 107(D19), doi:10.1029/2001JD000580.
[43]	Chen Y Z, Shah N, Huggins F E, et al. Characterization of ambient airborne particles by energy-filtered transmission electron
	microscopy [J]. Aerosol Science and Technology, 2005, 39(6): 509-518.
[44]	Huang D, Hua X, Xiu G L, et al. Secondary ion mass spectrometry: The application in the analysis of atmospheric particulate
	matter [J]. Analytica Chimica Acta, 2017, 989: 1-14.
[45]	Hoppe P. NanoSIMS: A new tool in cosmochemistry [J]. Applied Surface Science, 2006, 252(19): 7102-7106.
[46]	Dazzi A, Prater C B, Hu Q C, et al. AFM-IR: Combining atomic force microscopy and infrared spectroscopy for nanoscale
	chemical characterization [J]. Applied spectroscopy, 2012, 66(12): 1365-1384.
[47]	Dazzi A, Prater C B. AFM-IR: Technology and applications in nanoscale infrared spectroscopy and chemical imaging [J].
	Chemical Reviews, 2017, 117(7): 5146-5173.
[48]	Shi X, Coca-Lopez N, Janik J, et al. Advances in tip-enhanced near-field raman microscopy using nanoantennas [J]. Chemical
	Reviews, 2017, 117(7): 4945-4960.
[49]	Gao Y, Johnston M V. Online deposition of nano-aerosol for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry [J].
	Rapid Communication Mass Spectrometry, 2009, 23(24): 3963-3968.
[50]	Smith J N, Moore K F, Mcmurry P H, et al. Atmospheric measurements of sub-20 nm diameter particle chemical composition
	by thermal desorption chemical ionization mass spectrometry [J]. Aerosol Science and Technology, 2004, 38(2): 100-110.
[51]	Smith J N, Moore K F, Eisele F L, et al. Chemical composition of atmospheric nanoparticles during nucleation events in
	Atlanta [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 2005, 110: D22S03.
[52]	Yao L, Garmash O, Bianchi F, et al. Atmospheric new particle formation from sulfuric acid and amines in a Chinese megacity
[J]	Science, 2018, 361(6399): 278-281.
[53]	Klems J P, Pennington M R, Zordan C A, et al. Apportionment of motor vehicle emissions from fast changes in number concentration and chemical composition of ultrafine particles near a roadway intersection [J]. Environmental Science & Technology,
20	11, 45(13): 5637-5643.
[54]	Bzdek B R, Horan A J, Pennington M R, et al. Silicon is a frequent component of atmospheric nanoparticles [J]. Environmental
	Science & Technology, 2014, 48(19): 11137-11145.
[55]	Lawler M J, Whitehead J, O’dowd C, et al. Composition of 15-85 nm particles in marine air [J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and
	Physics, 2014, 14(21): 11557-11569.
[56]	Bzdek B R, Lawler M J, Horan A J, et al. Molecular constraints on particle growth during new particle formation [J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2014, 41(16): 6045-6054.
[57]	Bzdek B R, Horan A J, Pennington M R, et al. Quantitative and time-resolved nanoparticle composition measurements during
	new particle formation [J]. Faraday Discussions, 2013, 165: 25-43.
[58]	Hodshire A L, Lawler M J, Zhao J, et al. Multiple new-particle growth pathways observed at the US DOE Southern Great
	Plains field site [J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2016, 16(14): 9321-9348.
[59]	Lawler M J, Rissanen M P, Ehn M, et al. Evidence for diverse biogeochemical drivers of boreal forest new particle formation
[J]	Geophysical Research Letters, 2018, 45(4): 2038-2046.
[60]	Glicker H S, Lawler M J, Ortega J, et al. Chemical composition of ultrafine aerosol particles in central Amazonia during the
	wet season [J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2019, 19(20): 13053-13066.
[61]	Laitinen T, Ehn M, Junninen H, et al. Characterization of organic compounds in 10- to 50-nm aerosol particles in boreal forest
	with laser desorption-ionization aerosol mass spectrometer and comparison with other techniques [J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2011, 45(22): 3711-3719.
[62]	Laitinen T, Junninen H, Parshintsev J, et al. Changes in concentration of nitrogen-containing compounds in 10 nm particles of
	boreal forest atmosphere at snowmelt [J]. Journal of Aerosol Science, 2014, 70: 1-10.
[63]	Lawler M J, Draper D C, Smith J N. Atmospheric fungal nanoparticle bursts [J]. Science Advances, 2020, 6(3): eaax9051.
[64]	Sinha B W, Hoppe P, Huth J, et al. Sulfur isotope analyses of individual aerosol particles in the urban aerosol at a central
	European site (Mainz, Germany) [J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2008, 8(23): 7217-7238.
[65]	Ghosal S, Weber P K, Laskin A. Spatially resolved chemical imaging of individual atmospheric particles using nanoscale
	imaging mass spectrometry: Insight into particle origin and chemistry [J]. Analytical Methods, 2014, 6(8): 2444-2451.
[66]	Li K, Sinha B, Hoppe P. Speciation of nitrogen-bearing species using negative and positive secondary ion spectra with nano
	secondary ion mass spectrometry [J]. Analytical Chemistry, 2016, 88(6): 3281-3288.
[67]	Chen H H, Chee S, Lawler M J, et al. Size resolved chemical composition of nanoparticles from reactions of sulfuric acid with
	ammonia and dimethylamine [J]. Aerosol Science and Technology, 2018, 52(10): 1120-1133.
[68]	Or V W, Estillore A D, Tivanski A V, et al. Lab on a tip: Atomic force microscopy-photothermal infrared spectroscopy
	of atmospherically relevant organic/inorganic aerosol particles in the nanometer to micrometer size range [J]. Analyst, 2018,
14	3(12): 2765-2774.

Measurement Technologies of Nanoparticle Chemical Composition and Their Application #br#

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References 14

Related Articles 2

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	ZHOU Jiacheng, XU Xuezhe, FANG Bo, ZHANG Yang, ZHAO Weixiong∗, ZHANG Weijun, . Research progress of methods of aerosol optical hygroscopic properties measurement [J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics, 2022, 17(1): 92-103.
[2]	LI Zhen-Zhen, ZHANG Ji. Calculation and Analysis of Typical Types Aerosol Scattering Properties [J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics, 2018, 13(4): 250-257.